<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>R: Nations with nuclear weapons</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="R.css" />
</head><body>

<table width="100%" summary="page for nuclearWeaponStates"><tr><td>nuclearWeaponStates</td><td style="text-align: right;">R Documentation</td></tr></table>

<h2>Nations with nuclear weapons</h2>

<h3>Description</h3>

<p>Data on the 9 nuclear-weapon states as of 
April 2019.  
</p>


<h3>Usage</h3>

<pre>data(nuclearWeaponStates)</pre>


<h3>Format</h3>

<p>A dataframe containing :
</p>

<dl>
<dt>nation</dt><dd>
<p>The name of the country (character).  
The former USSR is listed here as Russia.  
</p>
</dd>
<dt>ctry</dt><dd>
<p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1#cite_note-iso3166-info-1">ISO 31661-</a> alpha-2 two-letter country codes 
(character).</p>
</dd>
<dt>firstTest</dt><dd>
<p>Date of first test of a nuclear weapon.  
</p>
<p>For Israel, which has not publicly acknowledged
that it has nuclear weapons, this uses the Date 
of the 
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vela_Incident">Vela Incident</a>.  
</p>
</dd>
<dt>firstTestYr</dt><dd>
<p><code>lubridate::decimal_date(firstTest)</code>
</p>
</dd>
<dt>yearsSinceLastFirstTest</dt><dd>
<p><code>c(NA, diff(firstTestYr))</code>
</p>
</dd>
<dt>nuclearWeapons</dt><dd>
<p>number of nuclear weapons 
</p>
</dd>
<dt>nYieldNA, nLowYield, nMidYield, nHighYield</dt><dd>
<p>number of weapons for which the yield in 
<code>(nYieldNA)</code> = unknown or variable, 
<code>(nLowYield)</code> = at most 15 kt 
(kilotons), the size of the Hiroshima 
bomb, <code>(nMidYield)</code> = greater than 15 
but less that 50 kt, and <code>(nHighYield)</code> 
= at least 50 kt.  
</p>
</dd>
<dt>popM, popYr</dt><dd>
<p><code>popM</code> = estimated population in millions 
for year <code>popYr</code>, per the Wikipedia 
article for the indicated country on 2020-02-05.  
</p>
</dd>
<dt>GDP_B,	GDPyr</dt><dd>
<p><code>GDP_B</code> = nominal Gross Domestic Product 
in billions of US dollars for year 
<code>GDPyr</code>, per the Wikipedia article for 
the indicated country on 2020-02-05. 
</p>
</dd>
</dl>



<h3>Source</h3>

<p>Overview from <a href="https://www.ploughshares.org/world-nuclear-stockpile-report">World Nuclear Weapon Stockpile</a>
</p>
<p><code>firstTest</code> from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_states_with_nuclear_weapons">Wikipedia, &quot;List of states with nuclear weapons&quot;</a>
</p>
<p>US from <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00963402.2018.1438219?needAccess=true">Hans M. Kristensen &amp; Robert S. Norris (2018) United States nuclear forces,2018, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 74:2, 120-131, DOI: 10.1080/00963402.2018.143821</a>
</p>
<p>Russia from <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00963402.2019.1580891?needAccess=true">Hans M. Kristensen &amp; Matt Korda (2019) Russian nuclear forces, 2019, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 75:2, 73-84, DOI: 10.1080/00963402.2019.1580891</a>
</p>
<p>UK from <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0096340213493260">Robert S. Norris and Hans M. Kristensen (2013) The British nuclear stockpile, 1953-2013, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 69:4, 69-75s</a>
</p>
<p>France from <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.2968/064004012">Robert S. Norris &amp; Hans M. Kristensen (2008) French nuclear forces, 2008, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 64:4, 52-54, 57</a>  
</p>
<p>China from <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00963402.2018.1486620?needAccess=true">Hans M. Kristensen &amp; Robert S. Norris (2018) Chinese nuclear forces, 2018,Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 74:4, 289-295</a>
</p>
<p>India from <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00963402.2017.1337998?needAccess=true"> Hans M. Kristensen &amp; Robert S. Norris (2017) Indian nuclear forces, 2017,Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 73:4, 205-209</a>
</p>
<p>Israel from <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0096340214555409">Hans M. Kristensen and Robert S. Norris (2014) Israeli nuclear weapons, 2014, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 70:6, 97-115</a>
</p>
<p>Pakistan from <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00963402.2018.1507796?needAccess=true">Hans M. Kristensen, Robert S. Norris &amp; Julia Diamond (2018)Pakistani nuclear forces, 2018, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 74:5, 348-358</a>
</p>
<p>North Korea from <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00963402.2017.1413062?needAccess=true"> Hans M. Kristensen &amp; Robert S. Norris (2018) North Korean nuclear capabilities, 2018, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 74:1, 41-51</a>
</p>


<h3>Examples</h3>

<pre>
data(nuclearWeaponStates)
plot(yearsSinceLastFirstTest~firstTest, 
    nuclearWeaponStates, type='h', xlab='', ylab='')
with(nuclearWeaponStates, 
  text(firstTest, yearsSinceLastFirstTest, ctry))
</pre>


</body></html>
